Explicit testimonyarchaic greek
emergenceChaos→Erebus
Hesiod says Erebus came from Chaos; the relation is emergence, not biological parenthood.
← Research standards
MYTHBRANCH KNOWLEDGE GRAPH · 190 ENTITIES
Greek & Roman Mythology Knowledge Graph
Every line becomes an inspectable claim. This alpha release extends beyond the illustrated 42-person atlas. It registers missing Titans, divine mothers, monster genealogies, heroic houses, collective figures, and separate Roman entities—then attaches relationships to named evidence.
The registry is broad; its source ledger is intentionally selective. “Index entry” means a figure has been admitted to the controlled vocabulary but still needs passage-level review before its full genealogy is published.
JSON-LD export ↓MIT data license ↗01190controlled entities
02270evidence assertions
0313explicit variants
0436source records
READING THE LEDGER
Certainty is not a single switch.
- Explicit testimony
- The cited passage or corpus directly supports the relationship in the stated tradition.
- Variant tradition
- A source preserves one of two or more incompatible genealogies or narrative forms.
- Later reception
- The relationship is especially important in later Greek, Roman, or post-antique retelling.
- Cultural crosswalk
- An editorial link records a conventional identification without treating Greek and Roman entities as identical.
- 001
- 002Explicit testimonyarchaic greekemergence
Chaos→Nyx
Night comes from Chaos in the Hesiodic sequence.
- 003Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Erebus→Aether
Aether is born from Erebus and Nyx.
- 004Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Nyx→Aether
Aether is born from Erebus and Nyx.
- 005Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Erebus→Hemera
Hemera is born from Erebus and Nyx.
- 006Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Nyx→Hemera
Hemera is born from Erebus and Nyx.
- 007Explicit testimonyarchaic greekemergence
Gaia→Uranus
Gaia brings forth starry Uranus without a partner.
- 008Explicit testimonyarchaic greekemergence
Gaia→Ourea
Gaia brings forth the mountains without a partner.
- 009Explicit testimonyarchaic greekemergence
Gaia→Pontus
Gaia brings forth Pontus without a partner.
- 010Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Oceanus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 011Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Oceanus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 012Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Coeus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 013Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Coeus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 014Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Crius
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 015Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Crius
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 016Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Hyperion
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 017Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Hyperion
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 018Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Iapetus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 019Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Iapetus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 020Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Theia
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 021Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Theia
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 022Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Rhea
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 023Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Rhea
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 024Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Themis
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 025Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Themis
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 026Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Mnemosyne
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 027Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Mnemosyne
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 028Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Phoebe
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 029Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Phoebe
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 030Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Tethys
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 031Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Tethys
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 032Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Cronus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 033Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Cronus
Named among the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus.
- 034Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Elder Cyclopes
The Elder Cyclopes belong to the Gaia–Uranus generation, unlike Polyphemus.
- 035Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Elder Cyclopes
The Elder Cyclopes belong to the Gaia–Uranus generation, unlike Polyphemus.
- 036Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Gaia→Hundred-Handers
The Hundred-Handers are children of Earth and Sky.
- 037Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Uranus→Hundred-Handers
The Hundred-Handers are children of Earth and Sky.
- 038Explicit testimonyarchaic greekunion / consort
Oceanus→Tethys
The pair generates rivers and Oceanids in Hesiod.
- 039Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Oceanus→River gods
Hesiod names the rivers as sons of Oceanus and Tethys.
- 040Explicit testimonyarchaic greekparentage
Tethys→River gods
Hesiod names the rivers as sons of Oceanus and Tethys.
SOURCE REGISTER
Editions and corpora used in this release.
A source record names the work, locator, date, edition provider, and editorial use. Links open the institutional edition or catalogue rather than a generic search result.
- 01
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 104–138
- Locator
- Cosmic beginnings
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Names Chaos, Gaia, Tartarus, Eros, Erebus, Nyx, Aether, Hemera, Uranus, Ourea, and Pontus in sequence and genealogy.
Open source record ↗ - 02
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 133–210
- Locator
- Titans and children of Earth and Sky
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Lists the twelve Titans, Elder Cyclopes, Hundred-Handers, and the crisis of Uranus.
Open source record ↗ - 03
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 337–452
- Locator
- Titan descendants and Hecate
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Records Oceanus and Tethys, Hyperion's children, descendants of Crius, and Hecate's parentage.
Open source record ↗ - 04
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 453–506
- Locator
- Children of Cronus and Rhea
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Gives the six children of Cronus and Rhea and the concealment of Zeus.
Open source record ↗ - 05
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 886–929
- Locator
- Marriages and children of Zeus
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Records Metis, Themis, Eurynome, Demeter, Mnemosyne, Leto, and Hera in the genealogy of Zeus.
Open source record ↗ - 06
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 921–962
- Locator
- Olympian and heroic descendants
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Includes Hephaestus' variant birth, children of Ares and Aphrodite, and selected heroic unions.
Open source record ↗ - 07
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 270–336
- Locator
- Gorgons and the Typhon–Echidna line
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Connects Phorcys, Ceto, the Gorgons, Medusa's offspring, Geryon, Echidna, Typhon, and several monsters.
Open source record ↗ - 08
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 176–206
- Locator
- Sea birth of Aphrodite
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Connects Aphrodite's emergence to the severed genitals of Uranus and the sea, rather than to Zeus and Dione.
Open source record ↗ - 09
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 211–232
- Locator
- Children of Nyx
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Lists Doom, Death, Sleep, Dreams, the Hesperides, Fates, Nemesis, Deceit, Friendship, Age, and Strife among the children of Night.
Open source record ↗ - 10
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, book 5
- Locator
- Aphrodite as daughter of Zeus and Dione
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Preserves a major alternative to Hesiod's sea-birth genealogy for Aphrodite.
Open source record ↗ - 11
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, book 6
- Locator
- Hector and Andromache
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Contains the major Iliadic family scene linking Hector, Andromache, their child, and the threatened future of Troy.
Open source record ↗ - 12
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, books 18–24
- Locator
- Achilles, Thetis, Patroclus, Hector, and Priam
- Provider
- Scaife Viewer, Perseus
The final Iliadic books establish the linked family and companion relationships behind Achilles' return to battle.
Open source record ↗ - 13
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Odyssey, book 9
- Locator
- Odysseus and Polyphemus
- Provider
- Scaife Viewer, Perseus
Defines Polyphemus as an individual Cyclops encountered by Odysseus, not as a Roman counterpart.
Open source record ↗ - 14
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Odyssey, book 1
- Locator
- Parents of Polyphemus; Telemachus and Athena-Mentes
- Provider
- Scaife Viewer, Perseus
Names Poseidon as Polyphemus' father and Thoosa, daughter of Phorcys, as his mother (1.68–73), and has Telemachus answer whether he is Odysseus' son (1.206–223).
Open source record ↗ - 15
ancient text · 7th–6th c. BCE
Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter
- Locator
- Demeter and Persephone
- Provider
- Center for Hellenic Studies, Harvard University
Primary narrative for Persephone's abduction, Demeter's withdrawal, and the negotiated seasonal return.
Open source record ↗ - 16
ancient text · 6th c. BCE
Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes
- Locator
- Birth of Hermes
- Provider
- Center for Hellenic Studies, Harvard University
Names Zeus and Maia as Hermes' parents and narrates his first day.
Open source record ↗ - 17
ancient text · 7th–6th c. BCE
Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite
- Locator
- Aphrodite, Anchises, and Aeneas
- Provider
- Center for Hellenic Studies, Harvard University
Primary Greek account connecting Aphrodite, Anchises, and the future birth of Aeneas.
Open source record ↗ - 18
ancient text · 1st–2nd c. CE
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca
- Locator
- Systematic mythographic genealogies
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
A major prose mythography used to compare heroic genealogies and variants; it is later than archaic epic.
Open source record ↗ - 19
ancient text · 3rd c. BCE
Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica
- Locator
- Jason, Medea, and the Argonauts
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
The principal surviving Greek epic of the Argonautic expedition.
Open source record ↗ - 20
ancient text · 458 BCE
Aeschylus, Agamemnon, Libation Bearers, Eumenides
- Locator
- The house of Atreus
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
The tragic trilogy links Agamemnon, Clytemnestra, Orestes, Electra, and the Erinyes.
Open source record ↗ - 21
ancient text · 5th c. BCE
Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus and Antigone
- Locator
- The house of Laius
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Primary dramatic evidence for the Oedipus and Antigone branch, read alongside other Theban traditions.
Open source record ↗ - 22
ancient text · 431 BCE
Euripides, Medea
- Locator
- Jason and Medea after the voyage
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
A major Classical reconfiguration of Jason and Medea's marriage and children.
Open source record ↗ - 23
ancient text · 29–19 BCE
Virgil, Aeneid
- Locator
- Roman reception of Trojan genealogy
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Roman epic placing Aeneas' Trojan and divine descent inside an Augustan foundation narrative.
Open source record ↗ - 24
ancient text · c. 8 CE
Ovid, Metamorphoses
- Locator
- Roman transformations and mythic reception
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
A major Roman poetic witness for transformed Greek narratives, not a neutral summary of a single Greek canon.
Open source record ↗ - 25
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, book 3
- Locator
- Helen, daughter of Zeus, between Menelaus and Paris
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Calls Helen the daughter of Zeus (3.199, 3.418), names Castor and Polydeuces as her brothers (3.236–238) and stages the duel of her two husbands.
Open source record ↗ - 26
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, book 14
- Locator
- Zeus lists his unions (14.315–328)
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Zeus names Danae as mother of Perseus (14.319–320) and 'the daughter of far-famed Phoenix' as mother of Minos and Rhadamanthys (14.321–322). Homer does not name her; Europa is the name in later tradition.
Open source record ↗ - 27
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Iliad, book 20
- Locator
- Aeneas recites the Dardanid line (20.215–240)
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
The fullest Homeric genealogy of Troy: Zeus, Dardanus, Erichthonius and Tros, then two branches, Ilus–Laomedon–Priam and Assaracus–Capys–Anchises (20.215–240).
Open source record ↗ - 28
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Homer, Odyssey, book 11
- Locator
- The dead: Anticleia, Leda and Heracles
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Names Anticleia as daughter of Autolycus (11.85), Leda as mother of Castor and Polydeuces (11.298–300) and recalls Heracles fetching the hound of Hades (11.623–626).
Open source record ↗ - 29
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 820–880
- Locator
- Typhon, son of Earth and Tartarus
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Earth bears Typhon, her youngest child, after union with Tartarus, and Zeus defeats him.
Open source record ↗ - 30
ancient text · late 8th–7th c. BCE
Hesiod, Theogony, lines 963–1022
- Locator
- Goddesses and mortal partners
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Includes the children of Harmonia and Cadmus: Ino, Semele, Agave, Autonoe and Polydorus (975–978).
Open source record ↗ - 31
ancient text · 6th–5th c. BCE
Homeric Hymn 19 to Pan
- Locator
- Birth of Pan, son of Hermes
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Opens with Pan as the dear son of Hermes and tells of his birth (19.1, 19.34–39).
Open source record ↗ - 32
ancient text · 6th–5th c. BCE
Homeric Hymn 16 to Asclepius
- Locator
- Asclepius, son of Apollo
- Provider
- Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
Names Asclepius as son of Apollo, born to Coronis on the Dotian plain (16.1–3).
Open source record ↗ - 33
ancient text · 408 BCE
Euripides, Orestes
- Locator
- Electra's opening genealogy (lines 1–17)
- Provider
- Scaife Viewer, Perseus
Electra traces the house from Tantalus, 'born of Zeus', through Pelops to Atreus.
Open source record ↗ - 34
modern scholarship · 1993
Timothy Gantz, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources
- Locator
- Comparative source guide
- Provider
- Johns Hopkins University Press
A standard scholarly synthesis that compares literary and visual evidence without harmonizing every disagreement.
Open source record ↗ - 35
reference corpus · 1981–present
LIMC / WebLIMC
- Locator
- Classical mythological iconography
- Provider
- Fondation pour le Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae
A foundational reference for identifying mythological figures and scenes in ancient art.
Open source record ↗ - 36
reference corpus · ongoing
Beazley Archive Pottery Database
- Locator
- Greek painted pottery
- Provider
- University of Oxford
Object-level evidence for how mythological scenes were pictured, attributed, and dated.
Open source record ↗